Tennis has a long-established rule structure that remains remarkably consistent across different levels of play. But whether you're new to the sport or just need a refresher, the details can be easy to overlook—especially with rule tweaks in recent years.
Here’s a full breakdown of the essential tennis rules you’ll need to know heading into 2025.
A standard tennis match is structured around sets, games, and points.
Each game uses a unique scoring sequence: love (0), 15, 30, 40, and game. If both players reach 40, that’s deuce, and a player must win two consecutive points from there to take the game.
To win a set, a player must win at least six games and lead by two. If the score reaches 6–6, most matches enter a tiebreak.
In 2025, all four Grand Slam events have adopted the 10-point final-set tiebreak, aligning major tournaments on this format:
This applies across the ATP, WTA, and ITF circuits unless otherwise specified by event regulations.
Players alternate serving each game. A legal serve must:
If a player commits two consecutive serving faults, it's a double fault, and the point is lost.
In doubles, the serving order rotates through all four players, and positioning rules require one partner to stand at the net while the other serves from the baseline.
A ball must land within the boundaries to be in. If it touches any part of the line, it's considered in. Players can strike the ball before it bounces (a volley), but not before it crosses the net to their side.
Key in-play rules include:
Umpires or line judges enforce these rules at professional levels. In amateur play, calls are typically made by players and guided by a code of conduct for fair play.
Foot faults occur when the server steps on or over the baseline before hitting the ball. It’s one of the most common service violations and leads to a fault call.
At the net, players are not allowed to reach over the net unless the ball has already spun back toward their side. Even then, touching the net or the opponent’s court area results in a loss of point.
Tennis traditionally prohibited coaching during matches. But as of 2023 and continuing into 2025, on-court coaching is now allowed at most professional events, within certain limits.
Verbal instructions are permitted from the stands, provided they do not disrupt play. Coaches still cannot physically enter the court or delay the match.
This update has made match dynamics more strategic without drastically changing the pace of play.
Players are expected to wear appropriate tennis attire based on tournament regulations. Racquets must conform to standard specifications in terms of size and stringing.
Balls are changed every 7 to 9 games at the pro level to maintain consistent play. Altering balls, using unauthorized equipment, or delaying play without reason can lead to code violations or point penalties.
Tennis rules in 2025 remain rooted in tradition, but small adjustments—especially around tiebreaks and coaching—are reshaping how the game is played at the top level.
Whether you're watching the Grand Slams, following local tournaments, or stepping onto the court yourself, understanding these essential rules will improve how you experience the game—and keep things running smoothly.
